haracteristics of philosophical thinking
Philosophical thinking is characterized by several characteristics, the most important of which are: [1]
Surprising and questioning: the activity of the mind does not stop when a man is surprised, but stimulates and leads him to question the reasons for his stupor about things. Independence: Philosophical thinking is independent, not subordinate, and it is not subordinated to others or unanimously agreed upon certain ideas, but rather independent logical reasoning. Meditation: means the philosopher is deeply involved in a particular issue or idea and focus on it alone. Logical Accuracy: Philosophical ideas must be characterized by logic, that is, to be expressed with precision and clarity, and in the form of specific and abstract concepts, starting with introductions leading to certainty results can not be undone. Skills of philosophical thinking There are different skills characterized by philosophical thinking, as follows:
[2] Skepticism: Linguists define skepticism as the frequency between two oppositions or two views, each of his arguments and circumstances, and skepticism in philosophy to two directions, the first; is the doctrinal or absolute doubt, The philosopher remains uncertain throughout his life and does not cease to doubt without reaching an answer or truth, second; systematic uncertainty, when the philosopher takes doubt approach or method to lead him to a logical conclusion or answer or fact. Criticism: Criticism means not accepting or rejecting ideas, unless they are scrutinized or thought through logic and mental arguments, trying to examine their value and the value of opinions expressed, and trying to classify ideas, whether true or false, and there is a weak criticism, used to defend preconceived ideas we are convinced Out, a tight or strong criticism, applied by man and philosopher to all ideas without distinction. Dialogue: Dialogue aims to argue with others in order to reach a reality. Philosophical dialogue is characterized by acceptance of the other and respect for its existence, the exclusion of prejudices, and the non-intolerance of opinion or judgment through pre-judgments. Analysis and synthesis: A thinker or philosopher can understand or solve a problem only by analyzing it or breaking it into parts, studying all the elements and parts of the problem in order to understand its details, and then the synthesis which is to reconnect the parts of the problem or idea through new links that make the parts Clearer, so they can reach a conclusion or solve the problem. Generalization and abstraction: Generalization means not to look at the particles, in the sense that the philosopher should not look at an individual problem that can be exposed to any person in a specific place and time, but rather the philosopher tries to solve problems and think about colleges, in a general way that is able to solve problems at any time Abstraction aims to study ideas and things so that their material value can be transcended into permanent or profound moral and human values. What is philosophical thinking? Philosophy is based on thinking, and it must be noted that thinking is a fundamental feature that God has given to every human being, and that thinking is not limited to philosophers alone, but thinking is linked to each person, but philosophical thinking that raises different questions through the mind, everyone has a mind, and must He may philosophize at a moment, think about any thing around him or doubt, and try to find out the truths, questions of existence, and the depths of things.Philosophy is imposed on man as a mental agent, i.e., it is part of the formation of the human mind and has a natural and close
relationship to thinking. 3
Thinking and Problems of Philosophy Philosophy is taught Problems of human thinking, such as: the problem of reality and apparent, where you study that many of the things that people think facts in their daily life, you may need to think and effort deep knowledge in order to make sure that they are facts and not just things that appear to be true and is not, Also, the problem studies a fundamental stone in the process of thinking, the idea, and attempts to define the idea as all direct facts, whether those we see such as colors or specific objects such as manifestations of nature and trees, or those resulting from imagination and remember, for example, where philosophy focuses on the issue of perception Through Hawa Philosophy studies the idea of truth through true and false, and asks what is wrong, and what is right. This in philosophy requires thinking beyond knowledge in kind, or direct and perceived only. He does not accept ideas and preconceptions about things, but he thinks about thinking himself and tries to study it
